Prevalence of Visual Impairment and Ocular Disorders Among Brass Industry Workers in Moradabad, India: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the visual status and ocular disorders among brass industry workers in Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, focusing on the prevalence of visual impairment, refractive errors, and the usage of personal protective equipment (PPE).
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in five small-scale brass industries in Moradabad, U.P, India. A total of 351 workers participated, with data collected on age, job roles, PPE usage, and ocular morbidity. Visual acuity was assessed using a Tumbling E chart for distance and Snellen’s near vision chart. Refractive errors were identified through retinoscopy, and color vision was evaluated using Ishihara plates. Anterior segment abnormalities were checked with a flashlight examination. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 16.
Result: The mean age of participants was 38.5 years, with a significant male majority (93.16%). Among the participants, 8.26% had visual impairment (VI), with refractive errors (68.96%) and cataracts (24.14%) being the leading causes of VI. The prevalence of myopia, hypermetropia, and presbyopia was 23.36, 14.25, and 48.72%, respectively. Cataracts were noted in 10.54% of workers, while other ocular abnormalities included conjunctival and corneal disorders. Only 5.98% of workers reported using personal protective equipment (PPE), highlighting a significant gap in occupational safety practices.
Conclusion: The study underscores a high prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors, presbyopia, and cataracts among brass industry workers and low PPE usage. Targeted interventions, including vision screening, provision of corrective eyewear, and workplace safety improvements, are essential to mitigate occupational eye health risks in this vulnerable workforce.